Tools · Knitting & Crochet

How much yarn do you actually need?

Running out of yarn one sleeve from the end is the oldest heartbreak in the craft, and it is nearly always a planning problem, not a luck problem. Pick the project, pick the size, tell the calculator what is on your yarn band, and it answers in yards, metres and whole balls, with a safety buffer and the dye lot warning already included.

Tool № 02 Knitting & crochet Yards and metres
Balls this site plans around:

1,450 yd

In metres
1,326 m
With a 10 percent buffer
1,595 yd
Balls to buy
8 balls
Exact balls, no buffer
7.3 balls

buy it all in one dye lot. future you is watching

How this estimate works

Every project above starts from a yardage figure at one reference yarn weight. Four of them are pattern figures, taken straight from the patterns on our own shelf: the sweater table from First Sweater, No Tears, the dishcloth figure from the Dishcloth Course, the toy figures from the Amigurumi Starter Trio and the per square figure from Granny Square, 9 Ways. The rest are planning estimates for the finished size named, the kind of figure an experienced maker writes on the pattern envelope before shopping. The calculator labels which kind you are looking at, every time, under the result.

Change the yarn weight and the yardage moves, because covering the same finished size in thinner yarn takes more yards, and in thicker yarn fewer. The calculator adjusts with a set of planning ratios, then adds the buffer and divides by the yards on your ball, rounding up, because shops do not sell fractions of a ball and dye lots do not wait for you.

The maths, in the open

yards at your weight = base yards × (factor for your weight ÷ factor for the base weight)

balls to buy = round up( yards × 1.10 ÷ yards per ball )

Worked example, the default above: a medium sweater is 1,450 yd in CYC 4 worsted. With the buffer that is 1,595 yd. On 200 yd balls, buy 8. On the 220 yd skeins our sweater shelf plans around, it is still 8, with a healthier leftover for swatching.

the buffer is not waste. it is the swatch, the mistake and the longer body you decide on at row 90

The planning table, in full

No JavaScript, no problem: the base figures the calculator starts from, at each project's reference weight. Adjust for a different weight with the ratios below the table, and remember that a pattern's own yardage line always beats a general table, including this one.

Sweater or pullover · base weight CYC 4 · Knotorious pattern figure
SizeYardsMetres
XS (finished bust 34 in / 86 cm) 1,050 yd 960 m
S (finished bust 38 in / 97 cm) 1,250 yd 1,143 m
M (finished bust 42 in / 107 cm) 1,450 yd 1,326 m
L (finished bust 46 in / 117 cm) 1,650 yd 1,509 m
XL (finished bust 50 in / 127 cm) 1,850 yd 1,692 m
2XL (finished bust 54 in / 137 cm) 2,050 yd 1,875 m
Hat · base weight CYC 4 · planning estimate
SizeYardsMetres
Baby 120 yd 110 m
Child 150 yd 137 m
Adult, medium 200 yd 183 m
Adult, large 225 yd 206 m
Scarf · base weight CYC 4 · planning estimate
SizeYardsMetres
Narrow and short (about 6 by 50 in) 350 yd 320 m
Standard (about 8 by 60 in) 450 yd 411 m
Wide and long (about 10 by 72 in) 600 yd 549 m
Socks, one pair · base weight CYC 1 · planning estimate
SizeYardsMetres
Ankle pair, adult 250 yd 229 m
Crew pair, adult 375 yd 343 m
Knee high pair, adult 500 yd 457 m
Shawl or wrap · base weight CYC 1 · planning estimate
SizeYardsMetres
Small (one skein territory) 450 yd 411 m
Medium 700 yd 640 m
Large 900 yd 823 m
Dishcloth (100 percent cotton) · base weight CYC 4 · Knotorious pattern figure
SizeYardsMetres
One cloth (8 by 8 in / 20 by 20 cm) 75 yd 69 m
Set of 3 cloths 225 yd 206 m
Set of 6 cloths 450 yd 411 m
Amigurumi toy · base weight CYC 4 · Knotorious pattern figure
SizeYardsMetres
Small toy (about 3 in tall) 30 yd 27 m
Medium toy (about 4 in tall) 45 yd 41 m
Large toy (about 5 in tall) 60 yd 55 m
Granny square blanket (squares at about 5 in) · base weight CYC 4 · Knotorious pattern figure
SizeYardsMetres
12 squares (cushion front or starter stack) 372 yd 340 m
30 squares (about 25 by 30 in, pram blanket) 930 yd 850 m
80 squares (about 40 by 50 in, lap blanket) 2,480 yd 2,268 m
120 squares (about 50 by 60 in, throw) 3,720 yd 3,402 m
224 squares (about 70 by 80 in, double bed) 6,944 yd 6,350 m
Baby blanket, solid fabric · base weight CYC 4 · planning estimate
SizeYardsMetres
Small (30 by 30 in / 76 by 76 cm) 850 yd 777 m
Standard (36 by 36 in / 91 by 91 cm) 1,150 yd 1,052 m
Large crib size (40 by 50 in / 102 by 127 cm) 1,750 yd 1,600 m
Throw blanket, solid fabric · base weight CYC 4 · planning estimate
SizeYardsMetres
Lap size (40 by 50 in / 102 by 127 cm) 1,900 yd 1,737 m
Standard throw (50 by 60 in / 127 by 152 cm) 2,600 yd 2,377 m
Large throw (60 by 72 in / 152 by 183 cm) 3,600 yd 3,292 m
Weight adjustment ratios (CYC 4 = 1.00)
CYC weightNameRatio
0 Lace 1.60
1 Super Fine (fingering, sock) 1.40
2 Fine (sport) 1.25
3 Light (DK) 1.10
4 Medium (worsted in the US, aran in the UK) 1.00
5 Bulky (chunky) 0.78
6 Super Bulky 0.58
7 Jumbo 0.45

Yardage is not weight, and grams will trick you

Two balls can both weigh 100 g and hold wildly different lengths, because length depends on how thick the strand is. A 100 g ball of fingering might carry about 400 yd; a 100 g ball of bulky might carry about 100 yd. Patterns ask for yardage for exactly this reason. When you substitute yarn, match the yardage first and the grams second, and check the weight class on the band against the Craft Yarn Council scale, 0 Lace through 7 Jumbo. Vernacular names travel badly: DK is a standard term in the UK and means little in the US, worsted is the reverse, and CYC 4 is worsted in the US and aran in the UK. The number on the band is the part that cannot mislead you.

Gauge moves yardage too. A tighter gauge packs more stitches into the same size and eats more yarn; amigurumi makers work deliberately tight so stuffing stays hidden, which is one reason toy figures here are ranges, not promises. If your swatch is far off the pattern gauge, fix that first with the gauge guide, then trust the yardage again. And if your pattern was written in another sizing system, the needle and hook size converter gets the tool right before the yarn maths starts.

Three traps that empty shelves

Dye lot. Balls of the same colour bought weeks apart can differ enough to show as a visible band across a sweater. Buy the full project quantity in one lot, and keep the band until the piece is finished.

Crochet eats more. Crochet fabric typically uses more yarn than knitted fabric of the same finished size, often around a third more. Never plan a crochet project from a knitting yardage figure.

The last ball problem. One ball short at 90 percent done means a discontinued dye lot hunt. The 10 percent buffer in this calculator exists because that hunt is miserable and usually lost.

Then plan the counting

Yardage decides what you buy. Rows decide whether you finish. Once the yarn is home, the project lives or dies on keeping your place through bodies, sleeves and spiral rounds, which is the entire job of the counter demo below. Buy the yarn with this page, then go and tap the first rows in.

Next

Three ways to keep going

one ball short is a story you only need to live once